一、临时表空间概念
临时表空间用来管理数据库排序操作以及用于存储临时表、中间排序结果等临时对象,当ORACLE里需要用到SORT的时候，并且当PGA中sort_area_size大小不够时，将会把数据放入临时表空间里进行排序。临时表空间存储大规模排序操作(小规模排序操作会直接在RAM里完成，大规模排序才需要磁盘排序Disk Sort)和散列操作的中间结果.它跟永久表空间不同的地方在于它由临时数据文件(temporary files)组成的,而不是永久数据文件(datafiles)。临时表空间不会存储永久类型的对象，所以它不会也不需要备份。另外，对临时数据文件的操作不产生redo日志，不过会生成undo日志。
创建临时表空间或临时表空间添加临时数据文件时，即使临时数据文件很大，添加过程也相当快。这是因为ORACLE的临时数据文件是一类特殊的数据文件:稀疏文件(Sparse File),当临时表空间文件创建时，它只会写入文件头部和最后块信息(only writes to the header and last block of the file)。它的空间是延后分配的.这就是你创建临时表空间或给临时表空间添加数据文件飞快的原因。
另外，临时表空间是NOLOGGING模式以及它不保存永久类型对象，因此即使数据库损毁，做Recovery也不需要恢复Temporary Tablespace。
二、重建oracle临时表空间过程
STEP1: Find the existing temp tablespace details
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_temp_filesTABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------TEMP /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/orcl/orcl_temp012014-07-30_04-39-23-PM.dbf
STEP2: Create another Temporary Tablespace TEMP1
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP1 TEMPFILE ‘/u01/app/oradata/DBACLASS/temp01′ SIZE 2G;
STEP3: Move Default Database temp tablespace
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP1;
STEP4: If any sessions are using temp space, then kill them.
SELECT b.tablespace,b.segfile#,b.segblk#,b.blocks,a.sid,a.serial#,a.username,a.osuser, a.statusFROM v$session a,v$sort_usage bWHERE a.saddr = b.session_addr;ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION 'SID,SERIAL#' IMMEDIATE;
STEP5: Drop the original temp tablespace.
Drop temp tablespace
DROP TABLESPACE temp INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;
If you want to change the name from TEMP1 to TEMP, then follow the same process as below.
STEP6: Create TEMP tablespace
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE /u01/app/temp/temp01′ SIZE 2000M;
STEP7: Make TEMP as default tablespace
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp;
STEP8: Drop temporary for tablespace temp1
DROP TABLESPACE temp1 INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;
三、查询TEMP TABLESPACE利用率
3.1 script 1
column used_MBytes format 999,999column free_Mbytes format 999,999column total_MBytes format 999,999column collect_time format A15select to_char(sysdate,'DD-MON-RR:HH24:MI') collect_time ,round(used_blocks*8192/1024/1024,0) used_Mbytes ,round(free_blocks*8192/1024/1024,0) free_Mbytes ,round(total_blocks*8192/1024/1024,0) total_Mbytes from V$sort_segment where tablespace_name like '%TEMP%'/eg:COLLECT_TIME USED_MBYTES FREE_MBYTES TOTAL_MBYTES--------------- ----------- ----------- ------------17-JUL-16:17:23 5 24 29
3.2 script 2
set lines 180col FreeSpaceGB format 999,999col UsedSpaceGB format 999,999col TotalSpaceGB format 999,999col host_name format a30col tablespace_name format a30select tablespace_name,(free_blocks*8)/1024 FreeSpaceMB,(used_blocks*8)/1024 UsedSpaceMB,(total_blocks*8)/1024 TotalSpaceMB,i.instance_name,i.host_namefrom gv$sort_segment ss,gv$instance i where ss.tablespace_name in (select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='&TEMPTBS' and contents='TEMPORARY') andi.inst_id=ss.inst_id;eg:TABLESPACE_NAME FREESPACEMB USEDSPACEMB TOTALSPACEMB INSTANCE_NAME HOST_NAME------------------------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ ---------------- ----------------------TEMP 24 5 29 orcl rac1.rajasekhar.com
3.3 script 3
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, TABLESPACE_SIZE/1024/1024 as TABLESPACE_SIZE_MB, ALLOCATED_SPACE/1024/1024 as ALLOCATED_SPACE_MB, FREE_SPACE/1024/1024 as FREE_SPACE_MB FROM dba_temp_free_space;TABLESPACE_NAME TABLESPACE_SIZE_MB ALLOCATED_SPACE_MB FREE_SPACE_MB------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------ -------------TEMP 30 30 29